Species Description: Taiwan Vole

Common Name: Taiwan Vole
Scientific Name: Microtus kikuchii

Habitat

The Taiwan Vole is primarily found in Taiwan’s mountainous regions, particularly in grasslands and agricultural fields. This species thrives in temperate climates with abundant grasses and moisture. They are commonly seen at altitudes ranging from 300 to 2,500 meters, where they dig extensive burrow systems to evade predators and create nests.

Physical Characteristics

Adult Taiwan Voles typically measure between 12 to 18 centimeters in body length, not including their short tails. They weigh around 80 to 120 grams. Their fur is soft and dense, colored light brown to grayish with paler underparts. Notably, they have small rounded ears and a somewhat stout body, which makes them easily recognizable among other voles. Their large, sharp incisors are essential for feeding on various plant materials.

Behavior

The Taiwan Vole is primarily nocturnal and exhibits social behavior, often living in colonies. They communicate through a variety of vocalizations and scent markings. These voles are known for their burrowing capabilities, creating complex tunnel systems that help them access food sources and serve as protection against predators.

Diet

As herbivores, Taiwan Voles primarily feed on grasses, roots, and other herbaceous plants. They have a particular fondness for soft-leaved vegetation, which serves as the primary component of their diet. During the growing season, they can become pests in agricultural fields, damaging crops and causing significant economic concerns for farmers.

Reproduction

The breeding season for Taiwan Voles typically occurs during the warmer months, from March to October. Female voles can produce several litters each year, with an average of three to five offspring per litter. Young voles are altricial at birth, meaning they are born helpless and require substantial parental care before becoming independent within a few weeks.

Conservation Status

The current conservation status of the Taiwan Vole is classified as ‘Vulnerable’ according to the IUCN Red List. Habitat loss due to agricultural expansion and urbanization poses a significant threat to its population. Conservation efforts are essential to ensure the survival of this unique species.

Interesting Facts

One fascinating fact about Taiwan Voles is their ability to adapt to various grassland environments. They play a crucial role in seed dispersal by consuming plants, which contributes to the ecology of their habitat. Additionally, they are an important food source for various predators, including birds of prey and mammals, maintaining the balance within their ecosystem.

Role in Ecosystem

In their ecosystem, Taiwan Voles serve several vital roles. As primary consumers, they help control plant growth by feeding on grasses and other vegetation. This foraging behavior promotes biodiversity in their habitats. Moreover, they are an essential part of the food web, providing nutritional support for higher trophic levels, including small carnivores and birds, enhancing the ecological balance.