Discover the fascinating world of the European Ground Squirrel (*Spermophilus citellus*), a medium-sized rodent thriving in grasslands and steppes across Central and Eastern Europe. Known for their social colonies and intricate burrowing systems, these vulnerable creatures play a vital role in their ecosystems by aerating the soil and serving as prey for various predators. Learn about their diet, reproductive habits, and the conservation efforts needed to protect their dwindling populations.