Smith’s Red-backed Vole

Common Name: Smith’s Red-backed Vole
Scientific Name: Myodes gapperi

Habitat

The Smith’s Red-backed Vole is primarily found in the boreal forests of North America, particularly in regions of Canada and the northern United States. These voles thrive in moist areas with abundant underbrush, such as shrubs and grasses, and are often spotted near rivers, lakes, and wetlands.

Physical Characteristics

Smith’s Red-backed Vole measures approximately 4 to 6 inches in length, with a tail length of about 2 to 3 inches. It has a distinctive reddish-brown fur on its back, contrasting with a grayish underbelly. This small rodent features rounded ears, short legs, and large, black eyes, making it quite recognizable among its counterparts.

Behavior

Smith’s Red-backed Vole is known for its solitary and nocturnal behavior, often becoming active during the twilight hours. These voles are proficient climbers and can frequently be seen foraging for food among the vegetation. They construct elaborate burrow systems that provide shelter and storage for food items.

Diet

This species primarily feeds on a variety of plant materials, including seeds, roots, and fruits, as well as fungi. Smith’s Red-backed Vole plays a vital role in seed dispersal within its habitat, contributing to the growth of various plant species.

Reproduction

Smith’s Red-backed Vole typically breeds in the spring and fall. The gestation period lasts about 21 days, after which the female gives birth to a litter of 3 to 7 young. The offspring are born hairless and blind but grow rapidly, becoming independent within a few weeks.

Conservation Status

Currently, the Smith’s Red-backed Vole is classified as Least Concern according to the IUCN Red List, although habitat loss due to logging and development poses potential threats to its population stability.

Interesting Facts

One fascinating fact about Smith’s Red-backed Vole is its ability to survive harsh winter conditions by burrowing beneath the snow, where it remains insulated and safe from predators.

Role in Ecosystem

Smith’s Red-backed Vole plays an essential role in its ecosystem as both a seed disperser and a prey species for a variety of predators, including owls, foxes, and snakes. Its presence contributes to the health and balance of the forest ecosystem.