Cordylus marunguensis: The Marungu Girdled Lizard

Common Name: Cordylus marunguensis
Scientific Name: Cordylus marunguensis

Habitat

Cordylus marunguensis, commonly known as the Marungu girdled lizard, is primarily found in the mountainous regions of southeastern Africa, specifically within the Marungu Mountains of Tanzania and the surrounding areas. This lizard inhabits rocky outcrops, grasslands, and scrublands, where it can be found basking on stones and retreating into crevices or burrows for shelter. The lizard’s preferred habitats are characterized by dry and warm climates, making it well-adapted to its environment.

Physical Characteristics

Cordylus marunguensis typically reaches a size of about 10 to 15 centimeters in length. It exhibits a distinctive flattened body shape that allows it to navigate rocky terrains effectively. The color of the Marungu girdled lizard varies from earthy browns to grays, adorned with intricate patterns that provide excellent camouflage against predators. Its unique features include a spiny appearance due to rows of small dorsal scales and a robust tail that can detach when threatened, a behavior known as autotomy.

Behavior

This species is diurnal, meaning it is active during the day. Cordylus marunguensis is known for its territorial behavior, particularly males that will engage in displays of dominance and face-off challenges to defend their space. The lizard is also known to exhibit social behaviors, often being seen basking in groups during cooler mornings. This social structure can be crucial during mating seasons.

Diet

The diet of Cordylus marunguensis primarily consists of insects, small invertebrates, and occasionally plant material. They are known to actively forage for food, using their keen eyesight to spot prey from a distance. Ants, beetles, and grasshoppers make up a significant portion of their feeding habits, showcasing their role as insectivores in their ecosystem.

Reproduction

Cordylus marunguensis typically breeds during the warmer months, and females lay clutches of 2-6 eggs in sandy or loose soil. The incubation period lasts about 2 to 3 months, after which the hatchlings emerge fully formed and are independent from birth. Notably, females often exhibit protective behaviors towards their eggs, guarding them until they hatch.

Conservation Status

The Marungu girdled lizard is currently classified as Vulnerable due to habitat loss and degradation, primarily from agricultural expansion and human encroachment. Conservation efforts are crucial to ensure the sustainability of its population and habitat. Ongoing research and monitoring are being conducted to assess its status further and implement necessary protective measures.

Interesting Facts

Cordylus marunguensis has the remarkable ability to blend seamlessly into its rocky surroundings, a skill that aids in avoiding predators. In addition, these lizards can live for several years in the wild, with some individuals documented to live over a decade in captivity.

Role in Ecosystem

Cordylus marunguensis plays a vital role in controlling insect populations, acting as a natural pest regulator in its habitat. By preying on various insects, this lizard contributes to the ecological balance, ensuring that no single species can dominate the environment. Furthermore, as prey for larger animals, the Marungu girdled lizard is an important component of the food web in the mountainous ecosystems of Africa.

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