Ica Rice Rat Species Description

Common Name: Ica Rice Rat
Scientific Name: Oligoryzomys fulvescens

Habitat: The Ica Rice Rat primarily inhabits the coastal regions of Peru, specifically in the Ica province and surrounding areas. This species favors arid environments characterized by scrubby vegetation and agricultural land, often near riverbanks and wetlands, where they can find both shelter and food.

Physical Characteristics: The Ica Rice Rat is a medium-sized rodent, typically measuring between 20 to 30 centimeters in body length, with a tail that is slightly longer than its body. Its fur is predominantly light brown to greyish in color, providing excellent camouflage against the sandy soil of its habitat. Notable features include large ears, long whiskers, and a relatively slender body shape, which helps it navigate through dense vegetation.

Behavior: This species is primarily nocturnal, engaging in most of its activities during the night when it forages for food. The Ica Rice Rat is known for its agility and quick movement, allowing it to escape from predators effectively. It exhibits social behavior, often found in small groups, and shows territorial tendencies, marking its habitat with scent.

Diet: The Ica Rice Rat has an omnivorous diet, primarily feeding on seeds, fruits, and insects. It plays a vital role in seed dispersal, aiding in the growth of various plant species within its ecosystem. Its foraging habits typically occur in the early evening, showcasing its adaptability in searching for food in both wild and agricultural settings.

Reproduction: The reproductive season for the Ica Rice Rat generally occurs during the warmer months, peaking in the rainy season. Females give birth to litters of up to five young, with a gestation period of about 24 days. The young are weaned after approximately three weeks and start foraging independently within a month.

Conservation Status: The Ica Rice Rat is currently listed as ‘Vulnerable’ by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) due to habitat loss and degradation from agricultural expansion and urban development. Conservation efforts are crucial to ensure the survival of this unique species.

Interesting Facts: The Ica Rice Rat is of significant interest to researchers due to its unique adaptations to arid environments and its role in agriculture. Despite their small size, these rodents are skilled at digging burrows that can reach considerable depths, providing them protection from predators.

Role in Ecosystem: As a seed disperser, the Ica Rice Rat plays a vital role in maintaining the health of its ecosystem. By feeding on various seeds and fruits, it aids in the growth of many plant species, thereby supporting other wildlife in its habitat. The Ica Rice Rat is also a food source for several predators, establishing a critical link in the food web of the arid coastal regions of Peru.