Cyclanorbis senegalensis

Common Name: Cyclanorbis senegalensis
Scientific Name: Cyclanorbis senegalensis

Habitat

Cyclanorbis senegalensis, commonly known as the African softshell turtle, is primarily found in freshwater environments across West and Central Africa. Its range includes countries such as Senegal, Mali, and Nigeria, where it inhabits rivers, lakes, and wetlands. Typically, this species prefers shallow water bodies with abundant vegetation and sandy or muddy bottoms that provide essential hiding spots from predators.

Physical Characteristics

This turtle species can reach a size of up to 45 cm (approximately 18 inches) in carapace length. It exhibits a flattened body shape that facilitates swimming. The coloration of Cyclanorbis senegalensis can vary from olive-green to brown, with distinctive yellow or pale markings on its limbs and head. Notably, it possesses a soft, leathery carapace instead of a hard shell, contributing to its unique softshell morphology.

Behavior

Cyclanorbis senegalensis is primarily aquatic but can occasionally be seen basking on shores to regulate its body temperature. This turtle is known for its shy demeanor, often burrowing in the substrate to avoid detection. When threatened, it can remain submerged and breathe through its skin, an adaptation that allows for longer periods underwater.

Diet

The diet of Cyclanorbis senegalensis is omnivorous, primarily consisting of aquatic vegetation, crustaceans, and small fish. It uses its long neck to reach food and is known to forage actively along the riverbed. The softshell turtle plays a significant role in its habitat by consuming plant matter, which helps maintain the ecological balance of the aquatic environment.

Reproduction

Breeding occurs during the rainy season, typically between May and August. Female Cyclanorbis senegalensis lay clutches of 10 to 20 eggs in sandy nests. After an incubation period of approximately 60 to 70 days, the hatchlings emerge and instinctively move toward the water, beginning their independent life cycle.

Conservation Status

Cyclanorbis senegalensis is currently listed as Vulnerable by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Factors contributing to its conservation status include habitat loss due to pollution, overfishing, and the illegal pet trade. Efforts to protect its habitat are essential for the survival of this species.

Interesting Facts

This species is notable for its unique ability to breath through its skin while submerged, which is quite rare among turtles. Additionally, Cyclanorbis senegalensis has a relatively long lifespan, often living for several decades in the wild.

Role in Ecosystem

Cyclanorbis senegalensis plays a crucial role in its ecosystem as a herbivore and scavenger. By consuming aquatic plants and small animals, it helps regulate plant growth and maintains nutrient cycling within its habitat. In turn, it serves as a food source for larger predators such as crocodiles and birds of prey.