Common Name: Cerqueira’s Rice Rat

Scientific Name: Oryzomys cerqueirai

Habitat:

Cerqueira’s Rice Rat is primarily found in the humid environments of south-eastern Brazil. This species flourishes in the lush, wet lowland regions, specifically within rice fields and flooded grasslands. These habitats provide the necessary conditions for their survival, including ample water resources and abundant vegetation.

Physical Characteristics:

Cerqueira’s Rice Rat typically measures about 20 to 25 cm in length, including a tail approximately equal in length to its body. This species is characterized by its soft, dense fur that ranges in color from light brown to a rich, warm hue, often with a lighter underbelly. Distinctive features include relatively large eyes and ears, which aid in its nocturnal activities. Its long, slender body shape allows for agile movement through dense vegetation.

Behavior:

Cerqueira’s Rice Rat is predominantly nocturnal, exhibiting heightened activity during the night. This species is known for its climbing and swimming skills, often found foraging for food in trees and aquatic environments. Socially, they tend to be somewhat solitary, establishing small territories but may occasionally form loose groups during feeding. The rats exhibit a range of vocalizations, which play a role in communication among individuals.

Diet:

The diet of Cerqueira’s Rice Rat consists mainly of grains, seeds, fruits, and aquatic plants. As a granivorous rodent, it plays a significant role in seed dispersal within its ecosystem. The rice rat has adapted to a wide variety of food sources based on seasonal availability, making it a resilient feeder. Its foraging habits often include scavenging in rice paddies, which makes it an important species in agricultural landscapes.

Reproduction:

Cerqueira’s Rice Rat has a breeding season that peaks during the warmer months, typically from December to March. Females can produce up to four litters each year, with each litter containing around three to five offspring. The young are born blind and hairless and grow rapidly, becoming independent within a few weeks. Maternal care is significant, with the mother nurturing the young until they are capable of independent survival.

Conservation Status:

The Cerqueira’s Rice Rat is classified as a vulnerable species according to the IUCN Red List. Habitat destruction due to urbanization and agricultural expansion poses significant threats to its population. Conservation efforts are crucial to protect the remaining natural habitats to ensure the sustainability of this unique rodent.

Interesting Facts:

Cerqueira’s Rice Rat has adapted to thrive in rice cultivation areas, playing a dual role as both a pest and a natural seed disperser. Interestingly, research suggests that this species might possess unique adaptations that allow it to survive in high-water environments, making it a subject of interest in studies related to ecological resilience.

Role in Ecosystem:

Cerqueira’s Rice Rat serves an essential role in its ecosystem by participating in seed dispersal and acting as prey for larger predators. Its presence indicates a healthy habitat, as these rodents contribute to the biodiversity of the areas they inhabit. The interactions between Cerqueira’s Rice Rat and its environment underscore its significance in maintaining ecological balance.