Common Name:

Calotes versicolor

Scientific Name:

Calotes versicolor

Habitat:

Calotes versicolor, commonly known as the Oriental garden lizard or changeable lizard, is primarily found in South and Southeast Asia. Its habitat spans a variety of environments, including forests, scrublands, and urban areas. This adaptable species can be found in countries such as India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, and Malaysia, thriving in areas with plentiful vegetation and sunlight which provide both food and shelter.

Physical Characteristics:

This species measures between 20 and 25 cm (8 to 10 inches) in length, including the tail. Calotes versicolor is renowned for its remarkable ability to change color depending on factors like temperature and mood, exhibiting shades from brown to green or even bright orange during mating seasons. The lizard has a distinct elongated body, a pointed snout, and a crest of spines along its neck and back, which serve as a defense mechanism against predators.

Behavior:

Calotes versicolor is diurnal, meaning it is most active during the daytime. These lizards are known for their territorial behavior, with males engaging in displays of dominance that include head bobbing and push-ups. They often bask in sunny spots to regulate their body temperature and can be seen patrolling their territory to fend off intruders. Their adaptability to urban environments makes them a common sight in gardens and parks.

Diet:

This species is primarily insectivorous and feeds on a variety of small insects, including beetles, ants, and crickets. Occasionally, they may consume plant matter such as fruits and flowers. Their feeding habits are crucial for controlling insect populations, thus playing an essential role in the ecosystem.

Reproduction:

Calotes versicolor breeds between March and September, depending on the region’s climate. Females lay between 5 to 20 eggs in sandy or loamy soil, which incubate for approximately 30 to 60 days before hatching. After hatching, the young lizards are independent and display similar behaviors to adults, becoming sexually mature within six to eight months.

Conservation Status:

The conservation status of Calotes versicolor is currently assessed as Least Concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). However, habitat destruction and climate change pose threats to their populations in certain areas.

Interesting Facts:

Calotes versicolor is known for its captivating display of color changes, which is influenced not just by mood, but also by factors like temperature and humidity. This lizard can effectively camouflage itself in its natural environment, making it adept at evading predators. Furthermore, the species has become a notable subject in studies relating to animal behavior and environmental adaptability.

Role in Ecosystem:

Calotes versicolor plays a vital role in its ecosystem as both a predator and prey. By consuming insects, it helps maintain ecological balance, while also serving as a food source for various birds, snakes, and larger mammals. Its ability to adapt to changing environments underscores its importance in the study of biodiversity and ecosystem resilience.