Description of Calotes jerdoni

Common Name: Calotes jerdoni
Scientific Name: Calotes jerdoni

Habitat

Calotes jerdoni, commonly known as Jerdon’s Calotes, is primarily found in the humid forests and grasslands of the Western Ghats in India. This lizard species thrives in a range of elevations, from lowland areas to higher altitudes, and prefers environments rich in vegetation that provide ample opportunities for climbing and basking.

Physical Characteristics

Jerdon’s Calotes exhibits a remarkable size, reaching lengths of up to 23 centimeters. Its coloration ranges from a bright green to a more subdued brown, allowing it to blend seamlessly with its natural surroundings. This species is characterized by a distinct crest on its head and elongated limbs, which aid in its arboreal lifestyle. One of the most notable features of Calotes jerdoni is its ability to change color based on its environment and mood, a behavior that is both fascinating and essential for camouflage.

Behavior

Calotes jerdoni is predominantly diurnal, meaning it is most active during the daytime. It exhibits a variety of behaviors, including basking in the sun to regulate body temperature and foraging for food. This species is also known for its territorial displays, especially during the breeding season, where males may engage in displays of aggression to assert dominance over their territory.

Diet

The diet of Calotes jerdoni primarily consists of insects and other small invertebrates, including beetles, ants, and caterpillars. This insectivorous lizard showcases its hunting prowess through quick and agile movements, often capturing prey with remarkable precision. Its feeding habits are crucial to controlling insect populations in its habitat.

Reproduction

Jerdon’s Calotes breeds during the monsoon season, typically from June to September. Males engage in elaborate courtship rituals, which include color displays and push-ups to attract females. After mating, females lay clutches of 2-5 eggs in a secluded area, where they incubate until hatching. Offspring are independent from birth, showcasing a remarkable adaptability to their environment.

Conservation Status

The current conservation status of Calotes jerdoni is classified as Vulnerable according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Habitat loss due to deforestation and urbanization poses significant threats to its population, highlighting the need for conservation efforts to protect this unique species.

Interesting Facts

One fascinating fact about Calotes jerdoni is its ability to perform color change not just for camouflage, but also to communicate with other lizards. This adaptive behavior makes it an intriguing subject of study for herpetologists interested in reptilian communication.

Role in Ecosystem

Calotes jerdoni plays a vital role in its ecosystem as a consumer of insects, helping to regulate populations of potential pests. Furthermore, its presence in the food web supports the dietary needs of various predators, including birds and snakes, thereby contributing to the overall biodiversity of the Western Ghats.