Black-eared Red-backed Vole
Common Name: Black-eared Red-backed Vole
Scientific Name: Myodes rutilus
Habitat
The Black-eared Red-backed Vole primarily inhabits boreal forests and tundra regions across northeastern Asia, including parts of Russia and northern China. These small mammals are often found in areas with dense vegetation, such as mossy ground cover and shrubs, which provide shelter and foraging opportunities. They prefer moist environments and can often be spotted in wetlands and along the edges of forests.
Physical Characteristics
The Black-eared Red-backed Vole is characterized by its small size, typically measuring about 10 to 12 centimeters in length, excluding the tail. Its fur is generally reddish-brown with a distinct black ear and a grey underbelly, providing a stark contrast. The animal has short legs and a furry tail, which is approximately the same length as its body. These distinguishing features make the Black-eared Red-backed Vole easily identifiable in its natural habitat.
Behavior
This species is primarily nocturnal, becoming active at dusk and during the night. The Black-eared Red-backed Vole is known for its burrowing behavior, constructing elaborate tunnel systems underground. It is also known to be social, often found in small groups, which can enhance its foraging efficiency. Their agility and ability to blend into their surroundings help them evade predators while they explore their territory.
Diet
The Black-eared Red-backed Vole is an herbivore, primarily feeding on a variety of seeds, berries, roots, and green vegetation. During the summer months, they take advantage of the abundant food supply, while in winter, they rely on stored food and foraging under snow. Understanding their feeding habits is crucial, as they play a role in seed dispersal within their ecosystems.
Reproduction
Breeding typically occurs in late spring to early summer, with females giving birth to 2 to 6 young after a gestation period of about 21 to 25 days. The young are altricial, being born blind and helpless, but they develop quickly and are weaned within a few weeks. The Black-eared Red-backed Vole often has multiple litters in a single breeding season, ensuring a stable population.
Conservation Status
The current conservation status of the Black-eared Red-backed Vole is considered to be of “Least Concern” according to the IUCN Red List. However, habitat loss due to deforestation and climate change poses potential threats to its populations. Continuous monitoring of their habitats is essential to ensure their long-term survival.
Interesting Facts
One fascinating fact about the Black-eared Red-backed Vole is its ability to adapt to different environmental conditions. It is also known to communicate with its peers through high-pitched vocalizations, particularly during mating seasons, making it an interesting subject for further study in social behaviors among small mammals.
Role in Ecosystem
The Black-eared Red-backed Vole plays a crucial role in its ecosystem as both a prey species for various predators, including owls and hawks, and as a seed disperser. By feeding on seeds and berries, they contribute to the growth and propagation of plant life, thus supporting the biodiversity of their habitat. Their burrowing activities help aerate the soil and promote nutrient cycling, benefiting the overall health of the forest ecosystem.