Collared Pika Overview

Common Name: Collared Pika
Scientific Name: Ochotona collaris

Habitat

The Collared Pika is primarily found in the mountainous regions of North America, particularly in Alaska and parts of the Yukon Territory. They inhabit rocky slopes and alpine meadows where they can easily find shelter among the boulders. This species is commonly associated with high-elevation areas that offer a cool climate, which is essential for their survival.

Physical Characteristics

Collared Pikas are small mammals, typically measuring around 20 to 25 centimeters in length and weighing between 150 to 400 grams. They possess a distinctively rounded body shape and short limbs. Their fur is generally grey or brown with characteristic darker grey markings on the sides, providing them effective camouflage against rocky backgrounds. Notably, their large, rounded ears are a distinctive feature that helps with thermoregulation and sound detection.

Behavior

Collared Pikas are diurnal creatures, meaning they are active during the day. They are known for their vocal behavior, making various sounds to communicate, especially when warning others of predators. These pikas are particularly adept at climbers and will often be seen foraging in the early morning or late afternoon. They build small, intricate nests among the rocks, which serve as both resting and storing places for food.

Diet

The diet of the Collared Pika consists mainly of herbaceous plants, grasses, and wildflowers. They are known for their unique feeding habits, as they collect and store food in their nests to sustain themselves through the harsh winter months. This hoarding behavior is vital for their survival, ensuring they have enough nutrition when food is scarce.

Reproduction

Collared Pikas typically breed during the late spring to early summer months. The gestation period lasts about 30 days, resulting in one to four offspring per litter. Mothers show considerable care for their young, which remain with them until they are ready to disperse as independent adults, usually by late summer.

Conservation Status

The current conservation status of the Collared Pika is classified as vulnerable. Habitat loss due to climate change, as well as other environmental factors, pose significant threats to their populations. Preservation efforts are essential to secure their habitats and ensure their survival in the wild.

Interesting Facts

One fascinating fact about the Collared Pika is that they can survive in extremely cold climates, where temperatures can drop well below freezing. Their ability to thrive in these harsh conditions makes them a subject of interest for researchers studying biodiversity and climate resilience.

Role in Ecosystem

Collared Pikas play a critical role in their alpine ecosystems. As herbivores, they contribute to plant population control and help in nutrient cycling through their feeding behaviors. Additionally, they serve as a food source for various predators, including foxes and birds of prey, highlighting their importance in the food web.