Ceratophora aspera

Common Name: Ceratophora aspera
Scientific Name: Ceratophora aspera

Habitat

Ceratophora aspera, commonly known as the rough horned lizard, is primarily found in the lush rainforests of Sri Lanka. This species favors humid, montane forest areas at elevations ranging from 1,000 to 2,500 meters. The dense vegetation and leaf litter in these habitats provide essential cover and foraging opportunities, making it a critical region for their survival.

Physical Characteristics

The rough horned lizard typically measures between 10 to 15 centimeters in length. It is characterized by its distinctive rough, spiky skin and large, prominent horns above its eyes, which serve both as a defensive feature and a means of camouflage. The color palette varies from green to brown, allowing this species to blend seamlessly into its surroundings. Its flattened body shape and granular texture further enhance its ability to remain undetected by predators.

Behavior

Ceratophora aspera displays a range of fascinating behaviors. This species is primarily arboreal, adept at climbing and often found resting among tree branches. Additionally, their cryptic coloration provides excellent camouflage, allowing them to evade predators. They are known for their territorial displays, which include head-bobbing and body posturing during mating seasons and encounters with rivals.

Diet

This species is predominantly insectivorous, feeding on a variety of small insects such as ants, beetles, and crickets. Ceratophora aspera employs a sit-and-wait strategy, using its camouflage to ambush prey that comes close. This feeding habit highlights its adaptability as a predator within the intricate food web of its rainforest habitat.

Reproduction

Ceratophora aspera typically breeds during the rainy season, which ensures ample availability of food for their young. Females lay clutches of 2 to 5 eggs in leaf litter or soil, and after an incubation period of about 45 to 60 days, the eggs hatch into fully formed miniatures of the adults. Parental care is minimal, with hatchlings capable of independent survival shortly after emerging.

Conservation Status

The current conservation status of Ceratophora aspera is listed as Vulnerable by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Threats to this species include habitat destruction due to deforestation and agricultural expansion, posing significant risks to its populations.

Interesting Facts

Ceratophora aspera is often referred to as a living fossil, showcasing evolutionary traits that have remained unchanged for millions of years. Additionally, this lizard is capable of changing its coloration to better match its environment, showcasing its incredible adaptation capabilities.

Role in Ecosystem

Ceratophora aspera plays a vital role in its ecosystem as both predator and prey. By regulating insect populations, it contributes to the ecological balance. Furthermore, as prey for larger predators, it provides essential nutrients back into the food web, highlighting its importance in maintaining biodiversity within the rainforest.