Species Description: Calotes ceylonensis

Common Name: Calotes ceylonensis
Scientific Name: Calotes ceylonensis

Habitat

Calotes ceylonensis, commonly known as the Ceylon garden lizard, is primarily found in the tropical and subtropical regions of Sri Lanka. This species thrives in a variety of environments, including moist deciduous forests, scrublands, and gardens. It is often associated with areas that provide ample foliage and microhabitats where it can hunt and bask in sunlight.

Physical Characteristics

Calotes ceylonensis typically measures between 20 to 30 centimeters in length, including the tail. It displays a remarkable color palette that ranges from greenish-brown to grey or cream, often with distinctive dark markings. One of its most notable features is the dewlap—a flap of skin under its throat—that varies in coloration and is used during displays to attract mates. The lizard possesses a long, slender body and a pointed head, contributing to its agile movement and adept climbing abilities.

Behavior

This species exhibits both diurnal and arboreal behaviors, often basking on branches or rocks during the day to regulate its body temperature. Calotes ceylonensis is known for its territoriality, particularly males, which engage in display behaviors including head bobbing and extending their dewlap to assert dominance over their territory. They are swift and alert, quickly retreating to foliage when threatened.

Diet

The diet of Calotes ceylonensis is primarily insectivorous; it feeds on a diverse range of insects, including ants, beetles, and grasshoppers. Occasionally, it may consume plant material such as fruits and flowers. Its feeding habits are crucial for controlling insect populations within its habitat, making it an important predator in the garden ecosystem.

Reproduction

Calotes ceylonensis reproduces through oviparity, laying eggs typically during the wet season, from April to August. Females can lay up to a dozen eggs, often burying them in moist soil to provide a suitable environment for incubation. Upon hatching, the juveniles are independent and capable of foraging on their own, quickly blending into their surroundings to escape predators.

Conservation Status

Currently, Calotes ceylonensis is classified as Least Concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). However, habitat loss due to deforestation and urban development poses a potential threat to certain local populations. Conservation efforts are necessary to maintain their habitats.

Interesting Facts

A fascinating aspect of Calotes ceylonensis is its ability to change color, which is primarily used for communication and camouflage. When frightened or agitated, this lizard can shift its colors to blend in with its environment, providing an effective defense mechanism against predators.

Role in Ecosystem

Calotes ceylonensis plays a significant role in the ecosystem as both a predator and prey. As an insectivore, it helps regulate insect populations, while its presence serves as food for larger predators, such as birds and snakes. This dynamic contributes to the balance within its ecological community and highlights the importance of its conservation.