Brow-antlered Deer (Scientific Name: )

Habitat

The Brow-antlered Deer, also known as the “Sunda Sambar,” primarily inhabits the dense tropical forests of South and Southeast Asia. This species is mainly found in regions such as India, Vietnam, and Cambodia, favoring humid lowland areas and evergreen forests which provide essential cover and forage.

Physical Characteristics

The Brow-antlered Deer is a medium-sized deer with distinctive features. Adults typically weigh between 90 and 200 pounds (40 to 90 kg) and stand about 2 to 3 feet (60 to 90 cm) tall at the shoulder. Their coat is generally reddish-brown, with males sporting an impressive set of long, branched antlers that can grow up to 30 inches (76 cm) long. The unique structure of their antlers, which have distinctive brow tines, gives them their common name and serves as a significant identifying trait.

Behavior

Brow-antlered Deer are predominantly crepuscular, being most active during dawn and dusk. They are known for their social structures, often forming loose groups, especially females with their young. Males tend to be solitary, particularly during the rutting season. Their behavior includes marking territory and engaging in display behaviors that include vocalizations and visual displays to attract mates or deter rivals.

Diet

This deer species is herbivorous and primarily feeds on a variety of leaves, fruits, and grasses. Its diet is adaptable, allowing it to thrive in various habitats. Common food sources include tender shoots, fruits from local trees, and aquatic vegetation, which are critical for hydration and nutrition in their forested environments.

Reproduction

The Brow-antlered Deer typically breeds annually, with the mating season occurring during the cooler months. After a gestation period of approximately seven months, females usually give birth to a single fawn. The young are highly dependent on their mothers and remain with them for several months to learn survival skills and feeding habits.

Conservation Status

Currently, the Brow-antlered Deer is classified as endangered due to habitat loss, poaching, and hunting pressures. Conservation efforts are being implemented in various regions to protect their diminishing populations and restore their natural habitats.

Interesting Facts

Did you know that the Brow-antlered Deer is also referred to as the “Barasingha”? This term is derived from the Hindi words meaning “twelve-horned,” a nod to its unique antler formation. Interestingly, these deer are renowned for their excellent swimming abilities, making them well-adapted to their wetland habitats.

Role in Ecosystem

The Brow-antlered Deer plays a vital role in its ecosystem by serving as both herbivores and prey within the food web. By consuming vegetation, they help maintain the health of their forest environments through browsing. Additionally, their presence supports various predators and contributes to the ecological balance of their habitats.