Greater New Zealand Short-tailed Bat

Common Name: Greater New Zealand Short-tailed Bat
Scientific Name: Mystacina robusta

Habitat

The Greater New Zealand Short-tailed Bat is primarily found in New Zealand, particularly in the North and South Islands. This species inhabits a variety of environments including lush forests, wetlands, and coastal ecosystems. It favors areas with dense vegetation that provide both roosting and foraging opportunities, often residing in tree hollows or underneath loose bark.

Physical Characteristics

This bat species is notable for its unique appearance. The Greater New Zealand Short-tailed Bat typically measures about 9 to 10 cm in body length with a wingspan of up to 27 cm. Its fur is a rich brown with a paler underbelly, and it possesses distinct short, rounded wings, which are characteristic of its genus. Additionally, its large, expressive ears assist with echolocation, making it an efficient flyer and forager.

Behavior

The Greater New Zealand Short-tailed Bat exhibits fascinating behaviors. Known for its agile flying abilities, it often forages in the early evening and at night. This bat is one of the few bat species that can walk on land, using its clawed feet to traverse the forest floor in search of food. It adapts its foraging techniques based on environmental conditions, displaying both aerial hunting and ground foraging behaviors.

Diet

The diet of the Greater New Zealand Short-tailed Bat primarily consists of invertebrates, such as moths, beetles, and other insects. They also feed on fruit and nectar, which places them as significant pollinators within their habitat. Their feeding habits vary seasonally, reflecting the availability of food sources in their environment.

Reproduction

Reproductive habits of the Greater New Zealand Short-tailed Bat involve a breeding season that typically occurs from late spring to early summer. Female bats give birth to one pup after a gestation period of around 50 to 60 days, with pups being weaned within a few weeks. Notably, the maternal care provided by mothers is intense, as they keep their young close while foraging.

Conservation Status

The Greater New Zealand Short-tailed Bat is currently classified as endangered due to habitat loss, predation by introduced species, and other environmental pressures. Conservation efforts are ongoing to protect their habitats and restore population numbers.

Interesting Facts

One unique aspect of the Greater New Zealand Short-tailed Bat is its ability to walk on the ground, a rare behavior among bat species. This adaptation allows it to exploit a broader range of food sources and navigate its forested habitat more efficiently.

Role in Ecosystem

The Greater New Zealand Short-tailed Bat plays a crucial role in its ecosystem. As a pollinator, it assists in the reproduction of native plant species, which in turn supports the overall health of its habitat. Additionally, its foraging habits help control insect populations, contributing to ecological balance.