Tawny-bellied Cotton Rat Profile

Common Name: Tawny-bellied Cotton Rat
Scientific Name: Sigmodon fulviventer

Habitat

The Tawny-bellied Cotton Rat is primarily found in the southeastern United States, particularly in regions such as Florida, Louisiana, and Texas. These rodents thrive in wetland habitats, including marshes, swamps, and along the edges of streams and rivers. They prefer dense vegetation, which provides cover and protection from predators.

Physical Characteristics

The Tawny-bellied Cotton Rat is medium-sized, typically measuring between 25 to 31 cm in total length. They exhibit distinctive tawny to reddish-brown fur on their bellies, while their back is a darker brown. Notable features include a robust body, short ears, and a long, scaly tail, which is usually shorter than the body length. Their size and unique coloration make them easily identifiable among other rodent species.

Behavior

This species is primarily nocturnal, becoming most active at night to forage for food. Tawny-bellied Cotton Rats are known to be excellent swimmers, which aids their survival in aquatic habitats. They create complex burrow systems and are known for their social behavior, often living in small groups. Their ability to construct nests from vegetation also plays a crucial role in their housing and protection.

Diet

Tawny-bellied Cotton Rats are primarily herbivorous, feeding on a variety of plant materials, including grasses, seeds, and leaves. They are opportunistic eaters that will consume fruits and vegetables when available. Their diet is essential not only for their survival but also plays a role in seed dispersal within their habitat.

Reproduction

The reproductive habits of the Tawny-bellied Cotton Rat are prolific; they can breed year-round under optimal conditions. The breeding season peaks during warm months, with females typically giving birth to 3 to 5 young after a gestation period of about 22 to 24 days. The young are born blind and hairless but develop quickly, often becoming independent within a month.

Conservation Status

Currently, the Tawny-bellied Cotton Rat is classified as Least Concern according to the IUCN Red List. However, habitat loss due to urbanization and wetland drainage presents ongoing threats to their population. It is vital to monitor their habitats to ensure their continued survival.

Interesting Facts

One fascinating aspect of the Tawny-bellied Cotton Rat is its adaptability to different environments. While they prefer wetland areas, they can also be found in drier habitats if food sources are abundant. Additionally, their ability to swim in water makes them unique among many rodent species.

Role in Ecosystem

The Tawny-bellied Cotton Rat plays a significant role in its ecosystem as both a prey and a seed disperser. These rodents serve as a food source for various predators such as owls, hawks, and snakes. Their feeding habits contribute to maintaining the health and balance of the vegetation in their habitat, thus supporting a diverse range of wildlife.